Kasar Japan kasa ce da ta rayu tsawon karnoni da yawa a ware daga babbar duniya. Yarda da al'adun gargajiya, rarrabuwa a cikin yankuna - wannan hanyar rayuwa ana nunawa ba kawai a rayuwar yau da kullun ba, har ma a cikin salon da salon salon Jafananci. Har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 19, lokacin da Turawan Yankin Turai suka fara aiki, bayyanar Jafan din yana da tsari sosai.
Salon gashi na maza
Kusan dukkanin salon salon gashi ya kunshi gashin ya juya cikin daure kuma an sanya shi ta musamman. Saboda haka, yaran sun aske kawunansu, suna barin kananan sakarai a saman kawunansu ko kuma gidajen ibada. An ɗaure waɗannan curls tare da kintinkiri.
A lokacin samartaka, maza daga garin milieu sun tara gashin kansu a wata kumbun a saman kawunansu kuma suna rufe kawunansu da kawuna masu kaifin kaɗe-kaɗe. A ka’ida, babban abinda ke cikin irin wannan salon gyara gashi shine dacewa: gashi bai faɗi akan fuska ba kuma ya tsoma baki da aikin jiki.
Ana iya sanin jarumawan samurai ta wata hanya ta musamman wajen kawata gashinsu. Samurai salon gashi shine an aske gaban kai sannan ragowar gashi ya hade da plait sannan ya wuce ta musamman.
Mafi shahararrun mutane da sarki ya sa gashi ya juya cikin kundi a kan kambi, ya kuma sanya manyan jakunkuna na siliki ko siliki.
Asarar gashi na Turai ta bazu ne kawai a ƙarshen karni na 19.
Ko da karin bayani dalla dalla danshi kasancewar salon gyara gashi ne. Hakanan an dogara dasu akan dogon gashi, wanda aka tashe kuma aka sanya shi ta hanya ta musamman. Littlean ƙananan littlean mata kawai sun sa kullun launi, yayin da manya ke buƙatar ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa don ƙirƙirar hoto na gaye.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar salon gyara gashi, an yi amfani da rollers na musamman waɗanda aka sanya a ƙarƙashin gashi don ba da girma. An gyara irin wannan salo tare da dogo, wanda kuma yana ɗaukar nauyin kayan ado.
Bambanci tsakanin salon mace mai kyau da mai gama gari ya kasance cikin adadin ƙawata. Don haka, richan matan da ke arziki suna ado gashinsu da gashin fuka-fukai, masu sutura mai ƙyalli. Bugu da kari, zasu iya samun damar sanya wigs.
Gayen suna da mafi ingancin salon gyara gashi. An rarrabe su ta hanyar kayan adon yawa, furanni na takarda da masu gyara gashi tare da ƙananan magoya baya da ke aiki a matsayin kashi na wajibi. Creatirƙirar hoto ya buƙaci ƙoƙari da yawa, da yawa, don haka ana yin gyaran gashi sau ɗaya kowace 'yan kwanaki, kuma saboda a cikin mafarki gashi bai yi asara ba, an sanya tsayuwa ta musamman a ƙarƙashin kai don daren.
Kayan zamani: haɓakawa da rikici na launi
A yau, hanyoyin gyara gashi na gargajiya a Japan suna da wuya sosai, musamman a cikin abubuwan samarwa na wasan kwaikwayo ko kuma a wuraren bikin.
A zamani na fashionistas suna da goyon baya ga bangs da kuma salon gyara gashi na hankali. Kuma wannan ya shafi maza da mata.
Maza 'yan kasuwa sun gwammace tsarin gashi na Turai. Samari da samari masu ci gaba zasu iya wadatar da salon gyara gashi tare da dogayen bango mai tsini tare da tsage gefan da ke rufe fuskokin su. Mahimmin abu yana kan nuna fifikon abubuwan al'aura.
Wani aski mai aski shima yana haifar da ƙazamin ƙazanta. An zaɓi fifiko ga abin da ake kira Faransanci, wanda ke da sauƙin juyawa zuwa ɓangarorin gefe. Wannan nau'in aski na gani a hankali yana jaddada fuska kuma yana sa ya zama bayyananne. A wannan yanayin, gashin na iya zama tsayi da gajeru.
Rashin gashi na Jafananci wanda ba a iya canzawa ba tare da canza launi ba. Zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban suna iya yiwuwa: ɗaukar hoto daban-daban, da walƙiya gabaɗaya zuwa mai farashi mai dumi. 'Yan matan da suka fi tsoro suna zaɓar launuka masu ban sha'awa: ruwan hoda, shuɗi, shunayya. Wani madadin don bushe-bushe na iya zama juzu'i.
Kadan daga tarihi
A cikin lokacinmu a rayuwar yau da kullun ba shi yiwuwa mu ciyar da lokaci mai yawa akan salo. Yawancin 'yan mata da mata a duniya suna karkata zuwa ga salon gyara gashi mai sauƙi wanda za a iya yi da kansu, ba tare da taimakon waje ba. Salon salon Jafananci na al'ada yana buƙatar lokaci da aikin maigidan.
An adana tsarin rayuwar da ya gabata a Japan a zaman ladabi ga tarihin wadatar ƙasar. Yanzu ana iya ganin irin wannan salon gyara gashi a lokuta na musamman, bukukuwan aure, wasanni a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da silima.
An yi imani da cewa salon gashi na Jafananci, kamar yadda ake kiransu, asalinsu ya fito ne karkashin tasirin al'adun China da Koriya. Daga nan suka fara haɓaka ta hanyarsu. A ƙarni da suka gabata, za a iya tantance ƙasa, samun kuɗi, matsayin zamantakewa ta hanyar salon gashi.
Hanyoyin gyaran gashi na Jafananci sun canza daga karni zuwa karni. Gaba ɗaya, salo yana da alaƙa da hadaddun curls, amma, alal misali, a cikin ƙarni X-XII. a cikin ejiji suna da dogon gashi, wani lokacin har yatsun yatsun. Kyawun gashi yana da ƙima, wanda dole ne bayi da yawa su kula da shi. Tabbas, kawai aristocrats zasu iya samun irin wannan tsawon. Yayin da mata masu halin ƙazantattu suka ɓoye gashin kansu a ƙarƙashin sarewar masana'anta, sun karkatar da kawunansu kuma suka ɓoye gashinsu gaba ɗaya.
A lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe na tsakiyar ƙarshen karni na XII, salon gashi na Jafananci alama ce ta alatu da 'yanci sun lalace sosai. Idan a cikin ƙarni na III-VI. ya fara yin salo mai salo, sannan a lokacin yaƙin mata sun sa salo mai sauƙi: gashi mai gudana, wani lokacin ma haƙurin ribbons yana tsinkaye, ba kamar farkon farkon ƙarni ba. Hairstyles ya zama mafi amfani ga kayan yau da kullun.
Tsoffin Yancin Kasar Japan
Japan ta kasance ƙasa da aka ware daga gabaɗayan duniya, wani ɓangaren an sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar isasshen matsayin ƙasar, wani ɓangare na manufofin ƙasa wanda ya hana hulɗa da baƙin.
Kodayake al'adun Japan suna da tasiri sosai game da makwabtaka China da Koriya, amma Jafananci sun maimaita al'adun maƙwabtansu kuma sun kirkiro nasu, sabanin waɗansu.
Hairstyles na tsohuwar Japan
Hairstyles na tsohuwar Jafan suna da ban sha'awa a ainihin asali da rikitarwa. Jafananci a zahiri suna da gashin baƙar fata, launin da ba su taɓa canzawa ba.
An rarrabe duk salon gyara gashi ta hanyar daidaituwa ta kisa. Tsabtace gashin gashi a cikin kyawawan launuka na gashi na mata suna da ban sha'awa. Hanyoyin launuka na gashi na maza da mata ga kowane yanki na yawan jama'a sun kasance iri ɗaya.
Jafananci mawadaci sunyi amfani da sabis na gyaran gashi. Hanyar hadawa ya dauki sa'o'i da yawa kuma yana da tsada. Hanyoyin gyaran gashi na maza sun kasance daga gashin kai rabin gashi da aka ɗaga da su a cikin ƙananan ƙananan hasumiyai. Hanyoyin gyaran gashi na mata sunyi kama da furanni masu fure.
Gyaran mayafin sarki da mutane masu daraja wakilci gashi an juya shi cikin daure, an sanya shi a saman kai a bunches. Wani lokaci sukan sa kananan karammiski ko siliki.
Wani abin da aka saba da shi yayin haihuwar maza shine abin da ake kira "samurai salon gashi". A cikin wannan salon, an aske gashi daga ɓangaren parietal, kuma gashi daga haikalin da bayan kai an ɗaga shi tare da jujjuyawar ɗakin shakatawa wanda ya ratsa wani ƙaramin yanayi. Ga shari'ar da aka yi amfani da sanduna, bamboo mai kwalliya, kwandon shara. An sa “wutsiya” a kambi na kan.
Mutane suna aske abu mai tsabta, amma a cikin tsufa sai sun fito da gashin baki da gemu.
Tare da shigowar matafiya daga Turai, salon gyara gashi ya zama wata alama ta Turai ta Turaidzangiri - gajere gajere. Ta canza yanayin zafi (aske goshi da goshi a bayan kai) - yleauna abin gyara da maza ke yi a lokutan furuci.
A cikin salon salon yara, gashi a kai ya aske, ƙananan ƙananan da'irori sama da haikalin sun ragu. Waɗannan igiyoyi na gashi a gindi sun kasance sun ɗaure da haƙarƙai, igiyoyi, maɗauran roba.
Hanyoyin gyaran gashi na mata sun ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa. Don kwanciyar hankali, rollers mai karammiski, an sanya pads a cikin babban salon gyara gashi, an yi amfani da m combs, wanda akan yi rauni da gashi.
Masters sukan sa kwali mai haske a cikin gashinsu. An rufe gashin gashi wanda aka gama da mai narke mai ko kakin zuma don yin aski.
Don adana salon gashi, an ɗora kai na dare akan masu ba da katako, ko kuma, an kula da kai, kamar wanda Indiyawan suka yi amfani da shi. Halin gashi ya kasance akan nauyi. Abun gyara gashi ya kasance daga gashi ne na halitta, amma a wasu lokutan ma matan na kirki na amfani da wigs.
Wigs suma an daure. Yawanci, ƙananan rukunin daga babba ya rabu da silif ɗin siliki ko babban crest. Mata na ƙananan yadudduka kuma sun sa safa mai tsayi, amma a cikin sigogin da aka sauƙaƙa. Bakuna da madaukai sun kasance karami kuma ba kayan ado sosai.
An yi gyaran gashi na geisha a hankali. Geishas ya kira 'yanci, masu ilimi, kyawawan mata wadanda aka gayyata zuwa liyafa, liyafa, bikin shayi a matsayin wani irin ado. Sun kasance masu fasaha, raye-raye, filastik, sun mallaki fasahar haɗaɗɗiyar abubuwa da kuma kirarraraphy.
Akwai salon gyara gashi da aka saƙa kawai ta geishas: gashin occipital ya haifar da bayyanar, yayin da wuyan wucin gadi, tsayawar abin wuya yana raguwa a bayan wuya.
Banbancin ya kuma kasance an yi amfani da shi ta hanyar gashin gashi wanda aka makale a cikin salon gyara gashi tare da ƙananan magoya baya a ƙarshen, furanni takarda. Mazaunan sun aske kawunansu, kamar yadda ayyukan ibada ke buƙatar gashi na yanka. 'Yan mata sun sa braids.
Hatsari
Abubuwan zane na Jafananci da wuya su nuna Jafananci a huluna. Wataƙila ba sa gajiyawa sosai. Sarkin da danginsa sun sanya manyan ledoji masu launin siliki, zagaye ko maras nauyi, lebur. Bayan sun gama ne kamar wani dan kallo.
Hakanan akwai wasu huluna masu kamannin hoto tare da manyan baki - daga reeds, straws, bamboo, varnished. Duk maza da mata sun suturta su.
Hats kasance launuka masu haske - shunayya, ja, shuɗi. Matsakaice da ƙananan azuzuwan galibi suna sanya huluna da aka yi da ciyawa ko bambaro shinkafa. Aristocrats, suna ƙoƙarin rarrabe kansu da mutanen gama gari, sun yi amfani da huluna mara ƙaranci fiye da na sarki, amma yana da tsada da marasa galihu ga talakawa.
A duk kasar Japan, ana yada yaduwar suttura a kan filayen kasar Sin, wadanda suka rufe kawunansu. Baya ga dogayen silsilar zinari, amarya ta sa goshi - tsuno-kakushi - farin siliki.
A cewar almara, ya kamata ya ɓoye "ƙahon kishi" wanda ake zaton ya ɓace a cikin kowace yarinya da zaran ta zama matar aure. Tsofaffin mata sun sanya bandeji da aka cire.
Duk mutanen kasar Japan sun yi amfani da kayan kwalliya. Ka'idojin kotun na sarki sun tilastawa dukkan masu yin izinin zuwa wajen liyafar maraba, fararen fata da wauta. A wasu lokutan ma matan na wulakanta faranti har fuskokinsu suna zama kamar fuskoki.
Lebe, ba kamar Turawa ba, Jafanawa an yi shi da zanen kore.
A tsakanin tsararraki, salon don cikakken aske gashin ido ya yaɗu. Madadin haka, sai suka zana manyan launuka masu launuka iri-iri, suka kai gaban goshin.
A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo suna saka masks, kayan kwalliya. Ta hanyar siffar, masks sun kasance karami ko girma fiye da fuskar mutum, an sanya su da yatsun biyu. An yi amfani da wigs iri-iri.
Gashi na gashin mata masu wasan kwaikwayo sun yi kama da na yau da kullun. A wig na “jarumi jaruma” - gashi wanda aka tara a tsakiyar, ƙungiyar abubuwa masu tsada suna ɗaukar gashin a baya, a matakin wuya, ƙarshen yana gudana ƙasa kyauta.
Masu aiwatar da ayyukan tsohuwar mata da tsofaffin mata suna sanye da fararen hular gashi. Manunin shaggy da aka yi daga zarurburan tsiro suna yin wigs don masks na abubuwan halitta. Tsawonsu ya banbanta: ga kafadu, ga kugu, zuwa ƙasa.
An yi amfani da huluna iri-iri a cikin wasan kwaikwayon na Noo Theater, wanda ya jaddada matsayin zamantakewar haruffan: manoma, dodanni, mayaƙa, firistoci, masunta, matafiya. An yi amfani da manyan gemu akan.
tushen - tarihin salon gyara gashi (?)
Na'urorin haɗi don gyaran gashi
Babu salon gyara gashi mai cikakke wanda ya kammala ba tare da kayan haɗi ba. A Japan, kanzashi sandunansu waɗanda ke riƙe gashi a cikin buro sun zama al'ada. A ƙarshen waɗannan sandun na iya zama kayan adon kayan ado daban-daban. Amfani da su ya dogara da girman gashin kansa. A cikin bambance-bambancen daban-daban, ana amfani da kowane nau'in kintinkiri, origami, furanni da kuma combs. Sun mamaye wani wuri na musamman a cikin halittar salon gyara gashi. Kayan kwandunan ya bambanta - itace, ƙwanƙolin kunar.
Salon gargajiya
Akwai wasu sanannun salo. Salonn Jafananci na gargajiya sune shimfidu masu tsari da yawa wanda aka kiyaye su ba tare da ƙarni da yawa ba:
- Kepatzu, wani salon gyara gashi ne wanda ya kasance tun karni na 7, an kirkireshi ne karkashin tasirin al'adun kasar Sin na wancan zamani. An sanya gashi a hanya ta musamman a gaban, kuma an ɗaura shi a baya a cikin wutsiya.
- Taregami - dogon gashi madaidaiciya. Matan Jafan na wancan lokacin sun yi watsi da salon da al'adun kasar Sin suka yi amfani da shi kuma suka kirkirar da nasu salon.
- Shimada mage - combed back gashi tare da tsefe a gaban, kayan ado daban-daban an haɗe su da salon gyara gashi. Har zuwa tsakiyar karni na XIX, wannan salo sabon abu ne, amma a kan lokaci, komai ya kara rikitarwa, aka kara sabbin abubuwa da kayan masarufi, kuma sannu a hankali ya rikide zuwa wani mai rikitarwa. Yanzu a cikin salon gyara gashi ya kara manyan combs wanda aka saɗa gashi, shafa shi da kakin zuma. Inda ya zama dole, an inganta gashin gashi tare da takaddun takarda da firam ɗin. Don bayar da girma girma ya kara karya gashi strands. Bambancin da ya biyo baya dangane da shimada ya kasance salon gyara gashi ne, lokacin da aka sanya gashin da ribbons da combs sama.
- Hickey wani salon gyaran gashi ne mai ban mamaki wanda aka kirkira ta amfani da ƙarin kayan aikin. Gashin gashi a cikin abin hawan gashi ya kasance cikin manyan fuka-fukai biyu a bangarorin kai, sauran hatsi kuma a haɗe suke amfani da sanduna da haƙarƙarin.
Ra'ayoyi na yanzu
Fashion don salon gyara gashi, har da sutura, suna cikin motsi akai-akai. Wani sabon abu ya bayyana, wani abu ya ɓace, amma akwai halaye waɗanda za'a iya lura da ci gaban su shekaru da yawa. Jafanancin zamani na Jafananci suna da kwatance da yawa, kowane ɗayan an rarrabe shi ta musamman, wani lokacin, ɗayan zai iya cewa, ɓarna. Yawancin samfuran suna da ban mamaki sosai dangane da tsarin aski da salo na yau da kullun da ba kowane fashionista ba ne ke ba da kanta ga ƙyamar irin wannan salon gashi.
Hanyoyin gyaran gashi na Jafananci don 'yan mata za a iya raba su zuwa manyan rukuni biyu - na gargajiya da na ƙasa. Idan komai ya bayyana sarai tare da wadanda aka zazzage, halin da saura zai kasance mafi rikitarwa. Fashion yana tasiri sosai ta hanyar anime da manga.
Na gargajiya salon gyara gashi
Kowace budurwa, komai salon da ta yarda da ita, tayi ƙoƙari don dacewa da ra'ayinta game da kyakkyawa da kuma tabbatar da mutuncin ta. Saukakar salon Jafananci shine ainihin madaidaiciyar salo, wanda bisa ga dabi'a kusan ba sa taɓawa a cikin matan Jafan. Wadannan salo mai sauƙi na iya haɗawa da salo a kan gajeren gashi - bob da pixie. A farkon kallo, ana iya yin salo na gyaran gashi ta hanya daya, amma 'yan mata a Japan sun sami hanyoyi da yawa don bayyana kansu ta amfani da kayan haɗi da yawa. Matan Jafan suna jaddada kyakkyawa na gashinsu tare da salon gyara gashi a kan dogon gashi. Irin wannan salon gyara gashi a kan 'yan matan da ke da rauni suna da ban sha'awa sosai. Mafi yawan lokuta sukan datse gashinsu kuma suna bushe gashi. Ana amfani da samfuran sawa, varnish da kakin zuma, ko da akan salo mai tsayi. Endsarshen gashi suna rauni, wanda ke taimakawa ƙirƙirar hoto na nau'in yar tsana.
Salon hanyar zamani
'Yan Jafananci kawai suna son zane-zane na anime da manga. Wannan ya nuna a cikin salon a tsakanin matasa. Ta kowane hali suna ƙoƙari su bambanta kansu da sauran, sabili da haka wasu lokuta sukanyi amfani da hanyoyin da ba za'a iya tsammani ba ga mutanen Turai. Abubuwan alamu na Jafananci don 'yan mata a cikin wannan salon sune gashin gashi na asali a cikin launuka masu haske - ruwan hoda, kore, shunayya, fari. 
Gashi na iya zama ya zama gajeru har ya kai ga kugu. A kallon farko, koyaushe ba zai yiwu a tantance shin gashi gashi ne ko safa ko wigs ba. Hoton yana cika da kayan shafawa tare da gashin idanu na karya na tsawon sa'a. Haɗa kayan haɗi na waɗannan sifofi da girma waɗanda wasu lokuta ke ɓoye gashin kanta. Wani lokacin ma zaka iya ganin kayan wasa mai laushi a kan shugabannin 'yan matan.
Tabbas, irin wannan salon gashi ba a cikin yanayin Jafananci ba, kamar yadda yawancin wakilai suke wakilta. Babu waccan tsaftacewa da kyawun fuska da za a iya gani a cikin salon haila.
Hotunan Geisha a duniyar zamani
A zamanin yau, yana bayyana ƙa'idoji da halaye na yau da kullun, don haka yana da wuya a hango wata mace 'yar kasuwa a wani taro tare da hadaddun gyaran gashi. Salon salon Jafananci suna cikin salo na zamani, alal misali, gashi da aka taru a cikin bulo kuma an cakuɗe shi da goge ko goge gashi, wutsiyoyi da aka daure da haƙarƙarin. Kuma ɗayan salo, lokacin da aka tattara gashi a cikin dogon wutsiya kuma ɗaure tare da haƙarƙari tare da tsawon tsawon, ya zo mana daga abin da ya gabata wanda bai canza ba. Duk nau'ikan bunches, gashi, wanda aka gyara tare da taimakon jakunkuna, duk alamomi ne na rayuwar da take da kyau, cike da salon gyara gashi.
Hanyoyin gyara gashi mai sauƙi ko hadaddun, suna nuna duniyar ciki, suna taimaka mata jin kwarin gwiwa. Kuna iya gwadawa akan hoton kyawawan abubuwan da suka gabata a yau. Kawai ba za ku ji tsoron yin gwaji ba, gwada sabon launuka kuma ku koya yin amfani da kayan haɗi da kayan ado waɗanda ke ƙara mata a wurin.
Submitaddamar da kyakkyawan aikin ku zuwa tushe ilimi yana da sauƙi. Yi amfani da tsari a ƙasa
Dalibai, daliban da suka kammala karatun digiri, matasa masana kimiyya wadanda suka yi amfani da ginin ilimin a cikin karatunsu da aiki zasu yi matukar gode muku.
An buga shi a kan http://www.allbest.ru/
1. Kayan aiki, kayan gyara, kayan wuta, kayan lantarki
1.5 gyaran gashi
2. Kayan aiki, kayan aiki da kayan aikin wutar lantarki don wannan aikin
3. Bangaren fasaha
5. Shiryawa da kuma aiki na karshe
5.1 Tsaro
7. Tunani
Yle salon gyaran gashi wata sifa ce da aka ba wa gashi ta hanyar aski: curling salo da sikirin .. Za a iya yin gyaran gashi daga gashi da na halitta da na wucin gadi da keɓaɓɓun launuka daban-daban.
Sau da yawa abubuwan haɗinsa sune huluna, kintinkiri, beads, kayan ado. Nau'in nau'in salon gyara gashi ya dogara da dalilai da dalilai na asali. Hairstyle kamar kayan ado aiki ne na fasaha. Lokacin da aka canza salon salo, umarni a cikin zane suna canza bayyanar da kuma salon salon gyara gashi. Matar gajerun gashi na mata sun shigo cikin salon kuma sun sami nasara a kafafunsu. Yana canzawa, kusan kowane lokaci, yana kawo ƙari da silhouettes zuwa fashion: gajerun bangs, naɗaɗɗen elongated, ko mataimakin. Sahihiyar launi mai salo Hakanan, dogon gashi baya fita daga salon. Yanzu siliki mai tsayi na gyara gashi yana ɗaukar layin doya.
A cikin rubutun, Ina so in yi magana game da salon gashi mai ban sha'awa, baƙon abu da d ancient a - “Simada” (salon gashi na geisha). Da ke ƙasa zan gaya muku yadda ake yin wannan kyakkyawan gashi mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa, kuma yanzu ƙaramin tarihi ne.
Shimada wani salon gyaran gashi ne na Jafananci, nau'in bun. A yau, shimads yana sawa musamman ta geishas da tayu (wani nau'in yujo), amma a zamanin Edo 'yan mata daga shekara 15 zuwa 20 sun girme shi kafin aure. Kamar sauran salon gyara gashi, kanzashi yana ado. Na farko geisha "mace-rauni" ya bayyana a 1761. 'Yar geisha yarinya ce wacce ke yiwa abokan cinikinta nishadi tare da rawa, raye-raye tare da bikin shayi, zance da kuma wani shiri wanda yakamata domin shagalin al'adu da kuma shaawa. Amma ba kamar yujo ba, ba a haɗa jima'i cikin ayyukan geishas. Suna sanye da dogon hikizuri - kimono rawa. Irin waɗannan kimonos suma suna kwance a lokacinmu, saboda yanzu ana yin rawa da geishas. Maiko, ɗalibin geisha, an bambanta shi da iyakar rataye da son zuciya, yayin da ƙarshen geisha ya kasance cikin ƙulli. Mayko sanye da kimonos masu launin fari masu launin fari-“furfura”. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙananan kimono “eri” na maiko-debutantes masu launin ja ne, tare da lokaci ana sauya su da fararen launuka da farin gwal. Bikin "eri-ani" - "canjin kwala" ana gudanar da shi lokacin da maiko ya zama geisha. Maiko sanye da Okobo kopurri a babban siket. Maiko ya canza gashinta har sau biyar, yana nuna duk matakin da zai kai ga zama geisha. A yayin bikin gauraye, kambi na gashi a saman kai an yanka shi da alama don nuna canji daga budurwa zuwa budurwa mai cikakkiyar aski. Tun daga yanzu, ta sa gashin kai tare da baka mai launin siliki a gindin katako. Bayan bikin mizu, muhimmin abu na gaba a rayuwar maiko shine bikin erikae, ko "juya abin wuya". Wannan na faruwa lokacin da maiko ya canza abin wuya na “yaron” da farin abin wuya na farin geisha. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, komai yana faruwa da kimanin shekaru ashirin.
Babban nau'ikan salon gyara gashi na Simad sune:
- taka - simada - bun da ke cikin wannan salon salon gashi yana tashi sama da komai. Ana sawa a bikin aure na gargajiya, yau kullun ana amfani da wig,
- geisha simada (simada geisha) - salon gyara gashi na geishas daga bakumatsu (zamanin Edo),
- kefu simada (Kyoto simada) - wani nau'in geisha simada wanda kyoto ya kirkira,
- Tsubushi simada (fashe simada) - Za'a ja wani yanki na Tsubushi simada da igiyar siliki. Mata masu tsufa da yawa na saba da shi, amma a yau, abu ne mai sauƙi ka ga wannan gyaran gashi a cikin bikin Kyoto a bikin Miyako odori da Kamogawa odori,
- Sue mage (kulli "mai aikin ruwa").
Gean Geishas matasa na Tokyo suna sanye da wigs daga Taka Shimada, yayin da wasu ƙwararrun wigs ke sanya Tsubushi Shimada.
Zan gaya muku kawai game da ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan salon gyara gashi - taka - simada.
1. Kayan aiki, kayan gyara, kayan wuta, kayan lantarki
A cikin gyaran gashi, ana amfani da kayan aiki masu yawa, na'urori da kayan aiki daban-daban. Da farko dai, zamuyi magana game da kayan aikin da muke dasu a hanunmu da bel na musamman duk tsawon rana, saboda wannan kayan aiki ne wanda muke amfani dasu don gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban a kan abokin harka. Don haka, muna haɗa da combs da almakashi zuwa irin waɗannan kayan aikin.
Tsoro babban kayan aiki ne, domin idan ba ku haɗa gashinku ba, to ba za mu iya ɗaukar wani abu ba. Combs ya kamata ya ƙunshi kayan aiki mai ɗorewa, dole tsayayya da yanayin zafi, ya kamata ya zama mai santsi kuma kada ya manne wa ko dai gashi ko fata, don kada ya cutar da abokin ciniki. Abun da ke tattare da haduwar sune ƙarfe, filastik, silicone, roba da itace. Karfe combs yana da kyau a cikin cewa suna iya tsayayya da yawan zafin jiki da kyau, alal misali, lokacin da suke goge gashi a kan murhun ƙarfe, amma ba a amfani da su don lalata ko rina gashi ba, in ba haka ba kayan haɗin sinadaran a cikin amsawa da ƙarfe ba ya ba da launi da ake so ko aka samu ba waving mai inganci. Amma combs filastik don wannan yanayin suna da kyau, suna da dorewa kuma suna da amfani. Za'a iya rarrabu kwatankwacin zuwa kashi 4:
- gauraye ko hade combs, wanda rabin rabin aiki yake da hakora da rabi tare da ƙarancin aiki (ana amfani da mafi girma a ɗakin mata da ƙarami a cikin dakin maza),
- combs tare da tsari irin na hakora, wanda yake ko dai da saukin sa ko kuma tare da hakora akai-akai (yi amfani da dakuna maza da mata kuma ana amfani da su wajen tattarawa da yankan gashi),
- tsefe tare da takamaiman abin hannu ko ponytail, yana faruwa tare da ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe ko filastik (an tsara su don raba gashi zuwa bangarori ko lokacin da ake magana da gashi),
- tsefe tare da abin da aka saba da shi, tare da wani salo na hakora, ko tsefe - cokali mai yatsa (tsefe tare da abin da aka saba da shi ya dace don amfani dashi yayin canza launi ko kawai aske gashinku).
Bayan aiki, zaku iya lura cewa gashi, ƙura ko dandruff ya kasance akan tsefe tsakanin hakora, saboda dole ne ku yarda, Ina so in wanke nan da nan kuma tsaftace wannan. Domin kada ya cutar da abokin ciniki kwatsam, ya zama dole don lalata kayan aikin. Ana tsabtace combs na gashi, a wanke a cikin ruwa mai soapy, an shayar da shi kuma a nutsar da shi a cikin tsaran tsagewa.
Gobara. Idan kana buƙatar yin shimfidar wuri mai kyau, mai ban sha'awa ko yin tausa kai, buroshi shine abin da muke buƙata. Suna zuwa ta fuskoki daban-daban kuma daga fannoni daban-daban, tare da bristles na zahiri ko karfe. Zaɓin goga ya dogara da aikin da ke gaba kuma, ba shakka, akan fifikon kawunan maigidan.
- buroshi tare da aiki kai tsaye ana amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar girma daga tushen - da ake kira jefa bom,
- Ana amfani da goga mai zagaye don ɗaure ƙarshen kuma ana kiranta - gogewa. Akwai kuma goga mai “biyu”, wanda a gefe ɗaya yake madaidaiciya kuma a gefe guda zagaye, wanda ya dace da salon salo.
Almakashi. Yanzu bari muyi magana game da almakashi. Almakashi ne madaidaiciya da kuma serrated (thinning).
- Ana amfani da layuka kai tsaye don yanke gashin kai, gemu da gashin baki,
- yin bakin ciki domin fitar da abin da ya fizge da kuma gashi,
- ootafafan almakashi masu kyau-mai gefe biyu ne. Allon fuska guda ɗaya yana tare da hakora mai saurin jujjuyawa ko mafi wuya, a yanka mafi gashi fiye da na biyu.
- flag almakashi ne wani irin thinning shears don rubutu. Waɗanda suke da kamannin tutoci sun bambanta da na yau da kullun waɗanda ke da nasihun hakora, ƙaramin adadi da sigogi iri iri na yau da kullun. Bayan aiki tare da abokin ciniki, kuna buƙatar tsabtace almakashi tare da bushe bushe kuma sanya su a cikin mai hana ruwa.
Ana amfani da curlers, alal misali, don yin kwalliya mai kyau a kan gashi, ko kuma kawai a goge gashin ku kuma ku sami kyawawan curls mai kyau. Akwai adadi mai yawa na curlers: ƙarfe, filastik, tare da mashaya da band na roba ko ba tare da mashaya da roba band, tare da spikes da kuma gyara. Amma duk masu yin curlers suna da rauninsu, alal misali, masu ba da fata suna barin filaye, kuma Velcro curlers basa aiki da kyau. Amma har yanzu, kowa yana ta yin amfani da curlers tun zamanin da.
Ana amfani da tari na tari don perm (kalaman na dogon lokaci). Hakanan sun bambanta: katako, filastik, da dai sauransu Tsawon da diamita na bobbins suma sun sha bamban, daga ƙarami da ƙarami tare da girman 3 mm zuwa mafi girma tare da girman 10-12 mm. Ana amfani da mafi girma na bobbins ko dai don daidaita ƙarfi na halitta curl, ko don ƙirƙirar curl mai rauni.
Razor Dayawa za su ce tare da reza kawai suna aske gemu ko kafafunsu, alal misali, amma wannan ba haka bane. Rezars suna yin gyaran gashi. Abubuwan haɗari suna haɗari da lafiya. Abubuwan haɗari masu haɗari an tsara su don aske gemu da gashin baki, sannan kuma an yi amfani dasu don cire gashi daga wuya. Ina amfani da su sanya wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan kuma in cire gashi mai yawa. Tsarin aminci (thinning) an yi nufin murƙushe kulle kulle. Har ila yau, haɗarin haɗari da haɗari suna buƙatar kulawa. Rashin tsabtace gashi, goge tare da bushe bushe da sanya shi a cikin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta. Idan rago ne da ruwan wukake mai canzawa, to akwai buƙatar maye gurbin ruwan.
Motocin lantarki na hanzarta hanzarta aikin. An tsara su ne don yanke gashi ko datsa. Akwai nau'ikan motocin lantarki:
Injin din motsi. Da kaina, Na yi amfani da injin motsi na Moser Primat. Wadannan injunan sun dogara ne akan aikin wutan lantarki kuma yayin aikin yana samar da motsi mai motsa haske. Sucharfin irin waɗannan motoci suna zuwa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa na yanzu, kuma ƙarfin yana daga 9 zuwa 15 watts: a cikin wannan sun fi ƙasa da na'urori masu juyawa. Kai tsaye a cikin aiki, injin din firgita na iya zama ya fi guntu fiye da injin juya abubuwa.
Ka'idar aiki da injunan girgiza mai sauki ne. An sanya murhun lantarki a cikin su, wanda ke jan hankalin armature lokacin da ingantacciyar halin yanzu ya wuce. A lokaci na gaba, lokacin da mummunan halin yanzu na gudana, armature a ƙarƙashin rinjayar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa ya koma matsayinsa na asali. Thea ,an sama, wuƙa mai motsi an haɗa shi da ƙarfi tare da anga kuma saboda haka, ya shigo cikin motsi, yana motsa motsi mai sakewa.
A cikin samfuran Motar 1170, 1400, 1300, an samar da dunƙule na musamman wanda zai daidaita girman bugun wuƙa mai motsi, saboda haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin tashin hankali na maɓallin mahaifa. Waɗannan ƙirar injunan sun ƙaru da rawar jiki da amo.
Motocin Rotary Dukkanin na'urori masu jujjuya iska suna sanyaya iska. An sanya mai injin din akan rotor, wanda ke harba iska. Hayewa ta jikin injin, iskar tana sanyaya motar. Kasancewar tsarin sanyaya wani abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar, tunda an tsara injin juya abubuwa don manyan abubuwan aiki a lokaci da kuzari.
Kuna buƙatar sanin cewa wukake suna sawa ne kawai akan injin aiki! Wannan ya zama dole don matsayin matsayin leash da tsagi yana daidaita kai da kanka ga matsayin da ake so. Saboda haka, gefen ruwan ledin ba a goge shi ba. Injin Rotary ana tuka shi da mota kuma, saboda wannan, sun fi ƙarfin ƙarfi (daga 20 zuwa 45 watts). Suna iya yin aiki na dogon lokaci, har ma da kangararrun gashi. Waɗannan motocin gargajiya sun fi dacewa don aiki a ɗakin maza. Daga cikin samfuran wannan nau'in, Ina so in haskaka injin daga Moser "Class 45". Ba kamar sauran ƙira ba, wannan injin yana da matakan wuta guda 2 kuma, gwargwadon haka, gudu 2 na toshe wuka. Ana iya amfani da rage saurin 1 lokacin da aikin dole ne a yi shi a hankali.
Motocin batirin. Irin waɗannan injunan suna iya aiki duka daga baturi da kuma daga hanyar sadarwa, kuma sun kasance ainihin haƙiƙa ga masu gyara gashi, kamar yadda suke ba su cikakken 'yanci na motsi. Additionari ga haka, su ba su da saƙo. Af, bisa ga al'ada, matan iyayengiji sun fi son irin waɗannan motocin, kamar yadda suke yawanci suna da kyan gani fiye da sauran, kuma nauyinsu ba shi da ƙasa. Irin waɗannan injina sun dace sosai don gyara gashi. Ofarfin irin waɗannan injina sun kai watts 12 (Moser 1852).
Kyakkyawan misali na ingantaccen injin wannan nau'in shine samfurin Moser Genio Plus (art. 1854), tare da batura guda biyu: yayin da maigidan ke aiki akan ɗayansu, na biyu yana caji.
Gabaɗaya, Moser shine jagoran da ba'a tantance ba a cikin samar da injunan batir. Ba kamar sauran masana'antun da suke cikin gams ɗin 1-2 na gamut ɗin su tare da wannan nau'in samar da wutar lantarki ba, Moser yana ba da layin mashin da ke da nau'ikan ayyuka daban-daban, masu girma dabam, ƙirarori daban daban har ma launuka daban-daban. Don haka, a cikin samfurin 1565 na Genio, ana amfani da toshe wuka tare da aikin "Easy Tsaftacewa" don tsaftacewa mai sauƙi. An tsara samfurin tare da tsarin canji mai sauri na nozzles, a cikin abin da keɓaɓɓen juzu'i na 3/6 da 9/12 mm suna ba da tsayin dindin na gashi a kowane kusurwa na yankan. Model 1852 yana da toshe wuƙaƙen wuka tare da kewayon 0.1 zuwa 3 mm.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana siyar da daskararrun injin da mara amfani da igiya tare da wukake masu maye gurbin (togiya ga injinan motsi shine samfurin Oster 616). Akwai kusan girman 9 masu girma ga wukake (daga 1/20 zuwa 9 mm). Tsarin su daban-daban yana ba ku damar daidaita yankan gashi na matakan digiri daban-daban, kuma tare da taimakon abin da ake kira "kunkuntar" wuƙa, zaku iya yin alamura daban-daban a kai.
Bushewar hannu. Don yin salo na gashi ko kawai bushe gashi, muna amfani da mai gyara gashi. An yi shi da siffar bindiga. Yana da nozzles na musamman, gaɓatacciyar ƙanƙara, ƙarami karami da mai rarrabawa, ana amfani da ita lokacin bushewa gashi bayan ya sha wahala. An riƙe shi a hannun dama ko hagu, da kaina ya dace da ni a hannun dama. Dole ne a kiyaye mai gyaran gashi wanda ya sa iska ta gudana a layi daya zuwa silar gashi.
Ironaƙƙarfan Kwando da baƙin ƙarfe. Ta yaya gashin gashi yake da kyau.
Amma ga waɗanda ba a ƙaddara za a haife su da irin wannan gashi ba, zaku iya amfani da baƙin ƙarfe ko baƙin ƙarfe. Karfin ya kasance na diamita daban-daban, babba, matsakaici ko kunkuntar, hakika, cewa curls ko dai an birgesu ko kuma yadage, ko kuma mai da hankali. Na fi son curls da aka yi da ironing ko curling wide. Zaka iya amfani da baƙin ƙarfe ko ƙusoshin don tsabta, bushe gashi.
Hakanan ana amfani da Sushuar don bushe gashi. Misali, kun lullube wani abokin sa akan curlers kuma kun sanya shi a karkashin sushuar, yayin lokaci guda kuna aiki tare da wani abokin ciniki. Hakanan, masu gyara gashi suna amfani da climazone, wanda ke haɓaka ayyukan sunadarai yayin curling ko canza launin gashi. A kan climazone, zaka iya zaɓar zazzabi da lokacin bayyanar. Irin waɗannan kayan aikin an sanya su a ƙasa, akan casters, ko a haɗe da bango.
Yadda ake yin aski ko salo ba tare da abu mafi mahimmanci ba - na'urori? Bayan haka, ba za mu iya yin aski ba tare da cire cire shisshigi tare da gungura. Zai yi mana wuya mu fenti mana gashi ba tare da buroshi da kwano ba.Don haka wadanne irin na'urori koyaushe ya kamata su kasance tare da maigidan?
1. Ya kakkafa filastik da karfe don cire gashi mai wucewa, misali, lokacin yankan.
2. Abin wuya wanda muke buƙatar danshi ko yanke gashi.
3. Ana buƙatar fesa don jika gashi.
4. Ana buƙatar kwano don tsarke fenti ko wakilin warkewa a ciki.
5. Ana buƙatar goge ƙarfe don shafa gashi.
6. Ana buƙatar shaker don haɗa paints.
7. Ana buƙatar sponges don amfani da abun da keɓaɓɓen sunadarai.
8. Ana amfani da filafin dumama a lura da gashi ko tare da ƙuraje.
9. Shaving goge wa bulala suds.
10 Saitin raga a bushe gashi a cikin sushuar.
11. Kuma muna kuma buƙatar: mai neman don amfani da abin da ke ciki lokacin da ake yin sa, ko kofin sha, safofin hannu, roƙo, da sauransu.
1.4 Gashin gashi. Ba za mu iya fara aiki ba tare da gyara gashi ba, in ba haka ba za mu lalata abokin ciniki, mu ji masa fuska ko kuma lalata abubuwanmu. Don hana wannan faruwa, muna buƙatar:
- Tsaya don rufe abokin ciniki kuma kada ku shafa shi lokacin yanke ko bushewar gashi. Pinuires auduga ne, polyethylene da roba. Za'a iya amfani da peignoirs na auduga kawai lokacin yanke gashi, tunda ba zasu iya kare suturar abokin ciniki daga danshi ba. Ana amfani da polyethylene da peignoirs na roba a cikin lura da gashi tare da mahaɗan daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya lalata suturar abokin ciniki. Matsakaicin matsakaicin peignoir shine 150X150 cm.
- waffle ko terry tawul. A cikin gyaran gashi, wafer ana amfani da su sau da yawa, yana da sauƙin wanka da tsaftace su daga faɗuwar gashi. Matsakaicin tawul ɗin shine 50X150 cm.
- auduga na auduga. Ana amfani dasu don yankan, aski da damfara. Matsakaicin girman adiko na goge baki shine 75X40 cm.
- drape da aka yi da auduga da yadudduka na roba. Ana amfani dasu a matakin karshe na aiki - yayin ƙirar sanyi ko gashin gashi mai zafi, ko kuma kawai lokacin haɗa gashi bayan bushewa. Kowane shugaba dole ne a samar masa da adadin adadin gashin gashi a kowane juyi, wanda doka ta kafa.
2. Kayan aiki, kayan aiki da kayan aikin wutar lantarki don wannan aikin
Don wannan aikin, ba shakka, ba zan buƙaci dukkanin kayan aikin da na bayyana a sama ba, amma kawai wasu daga cikinsu:
- tsefe tsefe wanda zan buƙaci lokacin yankan,
- tsefe tare da madogara mai ƙarfi (ponytail), Zan buƙace shi lokacin ƙirƙirar salon gashi,
- tsefe - cokali mai yatsa, na bukace shi don kumbura da gudu,
- Za a buƙaci goga mai “biyu” don bushe gashi bayan wanka,
- Za a buƙaci almakashi madaidaiciya don yankan.
A dabi'ance, don aiki, Zan buƙaci na'urori daban-daban don kada gashi ya tsoma baki, don adana salon gyara gashi. Don haka zan bukaci:
- Faya-fayen filastik, mangwaro da kuma tashoshi, za su taimake ni in cire karin gashi da zai tsame ni yayin aiki, kuma tashoshin za su taimaka mini in kula da tsarin gashina kafin in yi amfani da makulli,
- Za'a buƙaci asarar gashi da kuma rashin gayya don gyara gashi, saboda ba tare da su ba sai kawai ta riƙe,
- bindigar da aka fesa yana da amfani a gare ni lokacin aski na rigar gashi kamar yadda take bushewa,
- Zan buƙaci kwano da buroshi don man shafawa fenti da shafa a cikin gashi na,
- abin wuya kuma yana da amfani a gare mu yayin canza launin gashi.
Bayan yanke da canza launin gashi, muna buƙatar bushe shi don fara yin gyaran gashi. Don wannan muna buƙatar:
- na'urar bushewa ta bushe gashi,
- farfajiyoyi don faffadar gashi da tukwici kamar yadda zai zama mana sauki garemu mu sanya gashin mu. Zaka iya fara amfani da baƙin ƙarfe kawai lokacin da ka tabbata cewa gashi ya bushe gabaɗaya, saboda gashi rigar ba zata juya ko madaidaiciya ba.
3. Bangaren fasaha
Salon salon gashi na mata ta hanyar nihongs, wanda zan gabatar muku da shi, ya kasance ne daga zamanin Bunk da Bunsei (tsakiyar rabin rabin Edo), da kuma zuwa zamanin Meiji. (Kafin, gyaran gashi a Japan ba shi da isasshen ci gaba, sabili da haka, lokacin da aka nuna waɗannan hanyoyin haɓaka na gashi, kar ku manta game da tsarin lokacin ainihin yanayinsu). Mafi yawan nau'ikan nihongami sune shimada (shimada) da ire-iren sa da yawa (bunkin-takashimada, tsubushi-shimada, juyvata), marumage, mama mai gashi momomare ("cut peach") da vareshinobu iri-iri (salon gashi ga sabon shiga maiko a Kyoto), da da dai sauransu Matan zamanin Edo ba sa taɓa saƙale a cikin gajere, bangs, da sauransu!
Don haka, bari mu tafi kai tsaye zuwa sashen fasaha na salon gyara gashi.
1. Gashi ya kasu kashi 5 (Fig. 13 a), wato: FTZ - maegami (“gashi a gaban”), Vzbin - gefe (a gefe), VZZ - ne (babba) da SZZ + NZz - taboos (wanda kuma ana kiranta zone - tsuto, occipital).
2. Dalilin dukkanin salon gyara gashi shine VZZ (ne). Wannan bangare an ɗaure shi tare da motoyui - tef takarda (Fig. 13 b). An ɗaure tef ɗin sosai wanda yana haifar da ciwon kai, kuma duk maiko - ɗaliban geisha - suna tsoron cewa bayan 'yan shekaru na aiki za su sami zagaye, game da kuɗin 10 yen, tabarma a kan kambi, abin da ake kira maiko-hage - "miko maiko." Wannan shine daya daga cikin dalilan da yanzu manyan geishas keyi yawanci suna sanya wigs. Matsayi na ƙarar da aka ɗaure a kai - ko ya tashi (babba ne) ko saukar da shi (ƙaranci ne), ya dogara da yanayin, shekaru da matsayin zamantakewa. An ɗaura sosai da OTZ yana nufin ladabi da fasaha, sabili da haka duk girlsan matan da ke cikin samurai sun daure wa OTZ girma.
3. Sannan suna ɗaukar gashi da ke sama da wuya, suna yin SZZ + NZZ (tabo), kuma suna ɗaure su zuwa sassan gindin - con. СЗз + НЗз (tabo) ba za ku iya ɗaura da ƙarfi ba, ku bar shi ya rataye shi kyauta, ko, a taƙaice, ku ja shi sama, saboda duk silsilar gyaran gashi ta canza (Hoto 13 c).
4. Na gaba a layi shine Vzbin ("gashi a kan tempeli"): an kuma haɗa su a cikin VZZ - ne (Hoto 13 g). Ana danganta yadu sosai a cikin hanyar Vz-bin ana kiransa toro-bin, bin-walƙwalwa, saboda A cikin sifar su suna kama da murfi na murfi na murfi da aka yanka a kwance a cikin rabin. Yadda aka shimfiɗa Vzbin shine babban abin da ke tantance siffar gashin gashi.
5. Gashi a gaban FTZ - maegami - an taru wuri ɗaya, sannan a ɗaure shi a ɓangaren gaba, a wani nesa daga tushen gashi, bayan wannan an ɗaure ƙarshen maƙalar zuwa VZZ - ne. Don ba da salon gyara gashi da ake so, zaku iya cire FTz - tare da maegami baya kuma ƙirƙirar silinti mai lebur, ko sanya shi mafi girma ta hanyar ɗaga maegami sama (Hoto. 13 e).
6. A wannan gaba, duk ƙarshen kyauta yana haɗe zuwa BZZ - ne kuma ya samar da "wutsiya" guda. Daga wannan wutsiya ne aka ƙirƙiri wani mage - damƙar gashi a bayan kai - wanda aka ba shi launuka iri-iri kuma ana yi masa ado daban. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana ba da sunan wani nau'in salon gyara gashi ta hanyar juzu'i - dam.
Dangane da bayanin sashin fasaha na kirkirar rigar Simada, da alama wannan duk rikitarwa ne kuma ba zai yuwu ba, amma wannan ba haka bane. Ana tattara duk bangarorin da aka rarrabawa a cikin wutsiyoyi daban daban, ana shimfidawa gwargwadon abin da kuke buƙatar shimfiɗa su (ga kowane nau'in gyaran gashi na Simad, gashi ko dai an shimfiɗa shi a cikin NZZ ko kuma an shimfiɗa shi don samar da pouch) kuma an tattara a cikin wutsiya guda, wanda aka daidaita tare da tef mai wuya. Komai, asirin ku ya kusan shiri, amma wani abu ya ɓace?! Abin da salon gashin Jafananci na iya zama ba tare da kyawawan kayan adon mata ba. Kuma duk kayan ado ko furanni shima yana nufin wani abu nasu. Misali, karin furanni da beads, ƙaramin yarinya, galibinsu girlsya girlsya, kuma tsohuwar mace, ƙarancin kayan adonta. Misali, matan da suka manyanta suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan geometric da adon siliki a kawunansu, kuma an kawata wani salon gashi na hannun dama tare da furannin siliki na Khan Kanzashi. A farkon shekarar karatu, furannin Khan Kanzashi suna kan fuska kai tsaye, a shekara ta biyu kuma daga baya na amfani da karami ado. Furanni yakamata su dace da lokacin da ake ciki (Pine, bamboo da plum a watan Janairu, Willow a watan Yuli, daffodil a watan Maris). Hanyoyin siliki da allurar Pine suna kan han-kanzashi don sacco. Tama-kanzashi (kanzashi da ball), ashin gashi tare da ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa, an guntu a bayan gashin kowane gashin gashi na maiko ko geisha. A cikin hunturu, ƙwallon murjani ne, a lokacin rani - jade.
Gashin gashi na geishas da oiran ba za a iya yin tunani ba tare da dogayen larura da fil. Yarinya mafi ƙwarewa, budurwa suna sa gashi a gashi:
- guntu - gyada, katako ko daga kunar bakin ruwa, Hakanan za'a iya lacquered ko filastik, ana fentin kan sa koda yaushe, dukda cewa tsarin na iya sauka zuwa hakora. Maiko sa "hanakushi" - wani tsefe wanda aka haɗo furanni na wucin gadi,
- bira-bira (dzyn-dzin) - man goge-gogen gashi tare da zaren karfe wanda yake haifar da zoben mai dadi. Wasu lokuta ana yin ado da karrarawa,
- yoshito - doki mai kaurin gashi. A cikin salon gashi, na narke da oiran sosai,
tama-kanzashi (kwallon kwalliyar) - dutsen ado da aka yiwa kwalliya da kwalliyar dutse,
- fitilu (fan) - gefuna na aluminum a cikin siffar fan, daga abin da faransar baƙin ƙarfe ke rataye,
- khana-kanzashi (kanzashi tare da furanni) - kanzashi tare da furanni siliki da zaren, wanda akan shuka kananan furanni siliki, rataye kusan santimita ashirin. Kanaya daga cikin kanzashi hana zai iya tsada fiye da kimono, tunda aikin ƙirƙirar su yana da matukar ban sha'awa da kuma tunawa da aikin mai zanen kayan ado.
- Maezashi - karamin ado ne wanda yake a bayan og (fan).
Maiko, wanda ke aiki a Gion-kobu, shima yana sanye da jaiteite a hannun hagu sama da goshin har sai sun cika shekara goma sha takwas.
Mun fitar da salon gyaran gashi, amma kafin mu fara gyaran gashi, muna buƙatar fenti da yanke gashi.
kayan aikin gyaran gashi na mace
Za mu fara da canza launin gashi. Abin da muke buƙata daga kayan aiki da kayan gyara, na riga na rubuta a sama, to, za mu juya ga babban abin. Muna buƙatar shafa gashin mu baki ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Kada ya kasance akwai madauri ko, haka kuma, gashi bai kamata ya bushe gaba ɗaya ba, misali, cikin shunayya. Da farko, za mu canza launin yanki mai rikice-rikice, fara SC. Na gaba, je zuwa Vz sannan kuma zuwa FTz. Idan samfurin yana da tushen tsufa, to da farko za mu fenti akan dukkan tushen, sannan mu tafi ƙarshen. Muna jiran lokacin da aka nuna akan rigar, sannan a wanke fenti. Don wanke fenti ko kuma kawai wanke gashi, zaku iya karkatar da shi gaba ko tura shi. Dole ne abokin ciniki ya ba da ɗanɗano daga tawul ko adiko na goge baki domin ya sanya shi a goshinsa don kar ya lalata kayan shafa.
Bayan mun cire zanen, mun sanya shamfu kuma mu goge duk gashi da kyau, shafa man shamfu da ruwa sannan mu shafa balm don gyara gashi. Ka shafa kanka kuma ka goge gashin ka sosai. A kan rigar gashi muna ɗaure tawul a kawunanmu kuma mu gayyata zuwa kujera. Mun goge kanmu da kyau, kuma yayin da gashi yake jika zamu iya fara yankan.
Don ƙirƙirar salon gyara gashi wanda na riga na bayyana a sama, Zan buƙaci madaidaiciya gashi tare da har ma da ƙare, don haka ina buƙatar datsa ƙarshen, bushe gashi na kuma daidaita su. Bari mu fara da aski. Rarraba gashi zuwa bangarori - FTz, Vz, da Zz. Зз mun rarraba a rabin rabin sagittal kuma dukkan mu muna da bangarori 5. Зз, wanda muka rarraba a rabi tsaye, zamu fara yankan tare НЗз fara daga tsakiya, saboda mu sami madaidaicin nasihu. Sannan muna zuwa sama zuwa SPZ da SVZ. Mun yanke gashi, muna kwatanta shi da yankin occipital, da FTz don haɓaka gashi. Mun rarraba wannan yanki tare da sagittal rabu, haɗa tare da bangarorin kuma yanke su tare da tsayin guda ɗaya wanda aka yanyan sassan na lokaci-lokaci. Domin kada kuyi kuskure a yankan babban sira, baku buƙatar datsa maɗaukaki da yawa, zai fi dacewa da 1 cm.
Bayan aski, kuna buƙatar bushe sosai da baƙin ƙarfe gashinku don fara hailar. Muna amfani da tsefe “biyu” da kuma mai gyaran gashi. Mun fara bushe gashin mu ЗЗ har sai ya bushe gaba ɗaya, sannan mu ɗauki goge zagaye da juya ƙarshen ƙarshen amfani da hanyar "gogewa". Bayan kun tabbatar cewa dukkan gashi sun bushe gabaɗaya, zamu fara miƙe su da baƙin ƙarfe. Kar a manta cewa kuna buƙatar bincika baƙin ƙarfe don zazzabi. Mun daidaita gashinku da sauri kuma kada ku tsaya a tsakiyar maɗauri na dogon lokaci, in ba haka ba yana iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa kuna ƙone gashin kawai. Don haka, mun mutu gashinmu, mu bushe shi kuma muka gyara shi, kuma yanzu kawai zamu iya ci gaba da yin salon gyara gashi.
Kuma yanzu zan so yin rubutu game da kayan aikin da na yi amfani da su yayin aikina. Na zabi alamar Italiyanci na kwalliyar kwalliya don gashi Constant Deligh, wato:
- shamfu mai daɗaɗaɗɗen gashi da ya lalace,
- Balm na gashi mai lalacewa da najasa,
- motsin ƙarfi,
- matsanancin karfin gyaran gashi,
- madaidaicin tsami mai launi mai laushi Constant Deligh TRIONFO
5. Shiryawa da kuma aiki na karshe
Ta halitta, kafin fara aiki, dole ne mu shirya wuraren aiki don karɓar abokan ciniki:
- ajiye kayan aiki da kayan gyara,
- bincika hidimar kayan aikin da ake buƙata na aiki,
- a sami tsabtataccen lilin, turare da sauran kayayyaki,
- bincika tsananin tsananin hatsarin kuma idan ya cancanta, juya su, maye gurbin ruwan a reza mai aminci.
Matsayi mai kyau na kayan aiki da kayan gyara a kan bayan gida na da matukar mahimmanci ga ƙungiyar da ta dace ta aikin mai gyara gashi.
Kayan aiki da kayan haɗi ya kamata a shimfiɗa su a gefen dama a cikin tsari ingantaccen tsari, tare da kowane abu yana buƙatar madawwamin wuri. Zabi na dindindin a kan bayan gida don kayan aiki ko na'urar yakamata a yi la'akari da yawan amfani a cikin aiki: yayin da aka fi amfani da shi, mafi kusantar ubangijin ya kamata ya kasance.
Ya kamata a sanya kayan haɗi a kan banɗaki a cikin tsari na gaba (daga dama zuwa hagu): fitilar ruhu, kushin auduga tare da ulu, kwalba tare da maganin warwarewa, kwalban hydrogen peroxide, akwatin foda, sabulu mai ruwa, da sauransu.
Dole ne a sanya kayan aikin kamar reza, almakashi, bugun motoci ko motocin lantarki, combs da sauran kayan aikin a cikin tebur na sama na teburin gefen bayan gida. Shelves na kabad an yi nufin kawai don adon lilin mai tsabta, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar sanya kowane kayan aiki da kayan aikin a ciki ba.
Kayan aiki da kayan aikin gyaran gashi na mace suna da dacewa sosai don sakawa a bayan gida, tunda adadin su yana da ɗan ƙaramin abu kuma suna ɗaukar sarari kaɗan. Mata masu gyara gashi a wurin aiki suna amfani da dumbin kayan aiki da na’urori. Duk an sanya shi a bayan gida, ba shakka, ba shi yiwuwa. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da tebur ta hannu tare da kaset na cirewa azaman na'urori masu taimako don sanya kayan aiki da kayan. Ana sanya curlers, bobbins, dyes, da dai sauransu a cikin kwandon tebur na wayar hannu .. Ya kamata a ninka masu rubutu a cikin manyan katako, la'akari da cewa ana amfani dasu koyaushe, ƙananan, na'urori marasa amfani.
Kafin kiran baƙo don ɗaukar kujerun hannu, mai gyara gashi dole ne ya tsaftace bayan gida. Babban maigidan yana da alhakin tsabtace wurin aiki. To, idan mai gyara gashi yana da ƙararrawa mai ƙararrawa na lantarki, yi amfani da shi. Idan babu wannan ƙararrawa, kira abokin ciniki ya zauna.
Bayan gayyatar abokin ciniki, mai gyara gashi ya kamata ya kasance a kujerarsa. Yayinda abokin ciniki ya kusanci kujera, dole ne a tura ƙarshen ta yadda ya dace ga abokin ciniki ya zauna a ciki. Bayan abokin ciniki ya zauna a kujera, ya kamata a juya shi don fuskantar madubi. Don haka kuna buƙatar gano sha'awar abokin ciniki. Bayan jin amsar, mai gyara gashi dole ne ya wanke hannayensa kuma ya lalata kayan aikin a gaban abokin ciniki. Bayan haka ku rufe abokin ciniki tare da tilas ɗin lilin kuma ku sami aiki.
Bayan fara aiki, mai gyara gashi ba shi da hakkin ya raba hankalinsa da wasu batutuwa masu ma'ana ko don yin magana da sauran baƙi ko tare da ma'aikatan sabis.Ya kamata a biya duk hankali kawai don aiwatar da sabis na abokin ciniki.
Duk rikice-rikicen da suka taso tsakanin mai gyara gashi da abokin ciniki yakamata a yi la'akari da shi ta hanyar wannan wanzami.
Ofayan mafi mahimmancin ayyuka na ma'aikata da ma'aikatan masu gyara gashi shine jawo hankalin abokan ciniki na yau da kullun. Ya kamata a gudanar da wannan aikin a bangarorin masu zuwa:
2. Yarda da ka'idodin aminci, tsabtace masana'antu da tsabtace mutum.
3. Al'adar halayen ma'aikata.
4. Babban ingancin aiwatar da nau'ikan sabis na abokin ciniki.
Ayyuka na ƙarshe akan bautar baƙi a cikin salon gyaran gashi ana ɗaukarsu azaman matakan ƙarshe na babban tsarin fasaha.
Bayan an gama aikin aski, ana buƙatar mai gyara gashi don magance gashin da aka yanke tare da tsefe mai kyau. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar tsefe tare da haƙoran hakora masu tsabta ku shimfiɗa wani ulu na ulu a ciki, a dai-dai rarraba shi akan duk jirgin saman tsefe. Bayan haka, bayan sanyaya auduga a cikin tsefe, yana da kyau a hada fatar kan man. A lokaci guda, za a fitar da gashi, mai gashi, a cikin ulu na auduga. Bayan haka, tare da wani ulu na auduga ko goge na musamman, ya zama dole don tsaftace fuska da wuyan abokin ciniki daga gashi.
Kafin cire peignoir, kuna buƙatar cire igiyar da aka saita a wuyanta daga ulu auduga kuma ɗauki adiko na goge baki. Lokacin cire peignoir, dole ne a kula da shi don tabbatar da cewa gashi a kan peignoir baya cikin tufafin abokin ciniki. Don yin wannan, cire peignoir, ya kamata ka juya gefuna a ciki.
La'akari da cewa bayan kowane nau'in magani na gashi, takamaiman da halayyar kawai don wannan aikin an aiwatar da aikin ƙarshe, yana da kyau a yi la’akari da su cikin cikakkun bayanai kai tsaye a cikin jerin fasaha ɗaya.
5.1 Tsaro
A cikin ayyukan yau da kullun, mai gyara gashin gashi dole ne ya bi waɗannan ka'idodi:
- lokacin aiki tare da reza, bai kamata ya karkatar da hankalinka da magana da abokin ciniki ba,
- lokacin jujjuyawa (razors), hannayen maigidan dole ne ya bushe sosai. Ana yin aikin akan tebur,
- Kar a ajiye almakashi, abubuwan hadewa da sauran kayan aikin kaɗa a cikin babbar aljihun wanka. Lokacin aiki tare da ruwan zafi, musamman bayan canza launi da curling, yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki, tunda fata ba shi da mai-mai da haushi - bayyanar da sunadarai. Zazzabi na ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi yana ƙasa da al'ada (kamar 40 ° C),
- gyaran gashi a cikin kayan ya kamata a yi a hankali don kada a lalata kunnen abokin harka. Ruwan yana cike da jijiyoyin jini, kuma yana da wahala tsayawa tsayawa,
- yayin tsaftace wuya, tilas ne a kula kada a yanke kananan warts din da suke faruwa akai akai, saboda zub da jini shima yana da wahalar tsayawa,
- don dakatar da zub da jini yayin yanke, amfani da tincture na aidin ko hydrogen peroxide,
ka dafe kanka kanka da murjani ko ka rufe kanka da varnish, lallai ne ka tabbata cewa fashewar abubuwa bata shiga idanunka,
- Dole ne maigidan ya yi duk aikin da ya danganta da amfani da mayukan shan ƙwayoyi, da nisantar yin amfani da hankali fiye da 9% don fatar kan mai (ba a wanke shi sama da kwanaki 2-3) ba kuma fiye da 3-5% na fata mai-mai ba kwanakin baya). An hana yin aiki tare da perhydrol ba tare da amfani da abin sha ba,
- Dole ne a lura da kulawa ta musamman yayin aiki tare da fayyace shirye-shiryen "Blondaran - Supra", ƙwaƙwalwar iko. Lokacin aiki tare da shi, ba za ku iya ɗaure kansa da filastik ba. Ya kamata a rarraba abubuwan da ke tattare da gashi ta hanyar rabuwar don tabbatar da sakin zafi wanda aka saki yayin lalacewar ƙwayoyin narkewa,
- Ba shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da ammoniya a cikin mafita mai haske a cikin manyan allurai, saboda wannan yana haifar da ƙonewar fatar kan mutum,
- Wajibi ne a kula da aikin tilas na kayan wuta kuma kada a kunna kayan lantarki da hannayen rigar.
Don haka na ci gaba da zuwa farkon sashin karatun. A cikin aikin na, na fada muku dalla-dalla game da abin da na gyara gashi cewa ina ƙaunar sosai. Ita baƙon abu ce, amma a lokaci guda mai ban sha'awa, kyakkyawa ce kuma baƙon abu. A Japan, hakika, ba zakuyi mamakin kowa da wannan ba, amma a Rasha babu irin wannan abu kuma saboda haka mutane ƙalilan ne kawai suke da masaniya game da geisha da maiko, amma wannan yana da ban sha'awa. Rayuwarsu ta dade da wahala, amma kuma kyakkyawa. Duk waɗannan furanni, bakuna, tsayi kimonos, magoya baya, da dai sauransu misali ne na kyakkyawa. Duk inda salon yake canzawa, salo da salon gyara gashi suna zama da sauki kuma ba masu launi ba. A cikin tsohuwar zamanin, duk ƙasashe sun sa riguna na kaɗa, dogon kwalliya da manyan salon gyara gashi, amma a Japan kawai wannan al'ada ba ta rasa launi ba. Na fada muku kadan game da rayuwarsu, kadan game da salon gyara gashi da kayan adon mata, amma wannan kadan ne daga abin da zan so rubutawa. Mai ladabi, mai ban al'ajabi, haske kuma, tare da idanun da aka keɓe, "geisha" ta lashe zukatan mutane da yawa. Suna raunanan ji da kansu da kuma kamannin su, wanda yakamata mu yi. Kuma salonsu na sihiri ne, kodayake yana da zafi. Bayan duk wannan, matan da suka manyanta ana tilasta su sa wigs, kawai saboda suna tsoron zama tare da gashin su saboda tsananin tashin hankalin gashi. Kamar yadda suke faɗi - "kyakkyawa na bukatar sadaukarwa."
Wannan salon gyaran gashi yana dogara ne akan babban aski, asalin launin jan karfe №7.7 an fentin baƙar fata №1.0. Aikin gyaran gashi an yi shi ne da gashi da bushewar gashi, anyi aiki ta hanyar gyara gashi da kuma sanya karfe. Aikin gashi an yi shi ne da wutsiya 4 tare da dattako da gogewa, aske gashin gashi, kayan fitarwa da kayan ado na Kanzashi kamar “Kushi” ko “Maezashi” - tsefe, “Khan Hirauchi” - kayan ado na zagaye da ke a cikin fure, an yi amfani da furanni daban-daban da na aski. wanda akwai su da yawa. Kar ku manta cewa baza ku iya jingina kowane kayan ado da kuke so a cikin wannan salon ba, saboda kowane kayan ado yana nufin wani abu, misali, shekaru ko matsayi.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in ƙara da cewa kuna buƙatar kulawa ba kawai bayyanar ku ba kuma ku zo da sababbin hotuna, har ma kada ku manta da duniyar ku ta ciki, saboda duk abin da ya sa mu da kyau ya zo tare da haskoki mai haske daga ciki!
1. Askin gyara gashi: littafi ne na farkon. Farfesa. Ilimi / I. Yu Plotnikova, T. A. Chernichenko. - 8th ed. - M.: Cibiyar Buga "Cibiyar", 2012.
2. I. Yu. Odinokova, T. A. Chernichenko. - M.: Cibiyar Buga "Cibiyar", 2004.
